Aryl Group Definition in Chemistry

An aryl group is a functional group derived from a simple aromatic ring compound where one hydrogen atom is removed from the ring. Usually, the aromatic ring is a hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon name takes the -yl suffix, such as indolyl, thienyl, phenyl, etc. An aryl group is often simply called an aryl. In chemical structures, the presence of an aryl is indicated using the shorthand notation Ar. This is also the same as the symbol for the element argon but doesnt cause confusion because its used in the context of organic chemistry and because argon is a noble gas, and thus inert. The process of attaching an aryl group to a substituent is called arylation. Examples: The phenyl functional group (C6H5) is an aryl functional group derived from benzene. The napththyl group (C10H7) is the aryl group derived from naphthalene.

Introduction to the Human Genome Project

The set of nucleic acid sequences or genes that form the DNA of an organism is its genome. Essentially, a genome is a molecular blueprint for constructing an organism. The human genome is the genetic code in the DNA of the 23 chromosome pairs of Homo sapiens, plus the DNA found within human mitochondria. Egg and sperm cells contain 23 chromosomes (haploid genome) consisting of around three billion DNA base pairs. Somatic cells (e.g., brain, liver, heart) have 23 chromosome pairs (diploid genome) and around six billion base pairs. About 0.1 percent of the base pairs differ from one person to the next. The human genome is about 96 percent similar to that of a chimpanzee, the species that is the nearest genetic relative. The international scientific research community sought to construct a map of the sequence of the nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA. The United States government started planning the Human Genome Project or HGP in 1984 with a goal to sequence the three billion nucleotides of the haploid genome. A small number of anonymous volunteers  supplied the DNA for the project, so the completed human genome was a mosaic of human DNA and not the genetic sequence of any one person. Human Genome Project History and Timeline While the planning stage started into 1984, the HGP didnt officially launch until 1990. At the time, scientists estimated it would take 15 years to complete the map, but advances in technology led to completion in April of 2003 rather than in 2005. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) provided most of the $3 billion in public funding ($2.7 billion total, due to early completion). Geneticists from all over the world were invited to participate in the Project. In addition to the United States, the international consortium included institutes and universities from the United Kingdom, France, Australia, China, and Germany. Scientists from many other countries also participated. How Gene Sequencing Works To make a map of the human genome, scientists needed to determine the order of the base pair on the DNA of all 23 chromosomes (really, 24, if you consider the sex chromosomes X and Y are different). Each chromosome contained from 50 million to 300 million base pairs, but because the base pairs on a DNA double helix are complementary (i.e., adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine), knowing the composition of one strand of the DNA helix automatically provided information about the complementary strand. In other words, the nature of the molecule simplified the task. While multiple methods were used to determine the code, the main technique employed BAC. BAC stands for bacterial artificial chromosome. To use BAC, human DNA was broken into fragments between 150,000 and 200,000 base pairs in length. The fragments were inserted into bacterial DNA so that when the bacteria reproduced, the human DNA also replicated. This cloning process provided enough DNA to make samples for sequencing. To cover the 3 billion base pairs of the human genome, about 20,000 different BAC clones were made. The BAC clones made what is called a BAC library that contained all the genetic information for a human, but it was like a library in chaos, with no way to tell the order of the books. To fix this, each BAC clone was mapped back to human DNA to find its position in relation to other clones. Next, the BAC clones were cut into smaller fragments about 20,000 base pairs in length for sequencing. These subclones were loaded into a machine called a sequencer. The sequencer prepared 500 to 800 base pairs, which a computer assembled into the correct order to match the BAC clone. As the base pairs were determined, they were made available to the public  online and free to access. Eventually all the pieces of the puzzle were complete and arranged to form a complete genome. Goals of the Human Genome Project The primary goal of the Human Genome Project was to sequence the 3 billion base pairs that make up human DNA. From the sequence, the 20,000 to 25,000 estimated human genes could be identified. However, the genomes of other scientifically significant species were also sequenced as part of the Project, including the genomes of the fruit fly, mouse, yeast, and roundworm. The Project developed new tools and technology for genetic manipulation and sequencing. Public access to the genome assured the entire planet could access the information to spur new discoveries. Why the Human Genome Project Was Important The Human Genome Project formed the first blueprint for a person and  remains the largest collaborative biology project that humanity ever completed. Because the Project sequenced genomes of multiple organisms, scientist could compare them to uncover the functions of genes and to identify which genes are necessary for life. Scientists took the information and techniques from the Project and used them to identify disease genes, devise tests for genetic diseases, and repair damaged genes to prevent problems before they occur. The information is used to predict how a patient will respond to a treatment based on a genetic profile. While the first map took years to complete, advances have led to faster sequencing, allowing scientists to study genetic variation in populations and more quickly determine what specific genes do. The Project also included the development of an Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI became the largest bioethics program in the world and serves as a model for programs that deal with new technologies. Sources Dolgin, Elie (2009). Human genomics: The genome finishers. Nature. 462 (7275): 843–845. doi:10.1038/462843aMcElheny, Victor K. (2010). Drawing the Map of Life: Inside the Human Genome Project. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-03260-0.Pertea, Mihaela; Salzberg, Steven (2010). Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes. Genome Biology. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206Venter, J. Craig (October 18, 2007). A Life Decoded: My Genome: My Life. New York, New York: Viking Adult. ISBN 978-0-670-06358-1.

Comparing Two Poems about Prejudice Essay - 579 Words

Comparing Two Poems about Prejudice The poems Telephone Conversation, by Wole Soyinka and You Will Be Hearing From Us Shortly, by U A Fanthorpe are both about prejudice. The former poem is to do with racial prejudice and the latter is to do with social prejudice. The two poems are different in many ways. The first poem is an application for accommodation and the second poem is a job interview. Soyinkas poem is a Dialogue within a monologue where as Fanthorpes poem is just a monologue. Also the tones are different the former poem has a shocking tone to start with but a mocking tone towards the end, while the other poem is extremely rude. The characters in the former poem are a white landlady and a black man and the†¦show more content†¦These examples show how rude, funny or serious the poets are trying to be. However rudeness can be shown in different ways like by using Caesuras as is shown in these examples from both either poems, And how- Much of a handicap is that to you? Or by using hyphens Foolishly, madam - By sitting down, friction has turned My bottom raven black - The poets build up tension by using run on lines, You should see The rest of me This is an example from the Telephone Conservation. Neither poem uses rhyme or rhythm; by the poets not using them the poems seem more natural and more like conversations. Humour and mockery is used throughout the poems in Soyinkas poem the man uses mockery to describe his skin colour Raven Black whereas in Fanthorpes poem ridicule is used to show the interviewers disgust for the interviewee, The usual dubious Desire to perpetuate what had better Not have happened at all. The interviewer is saying that the candidate is to ugly to have been allowed to have children, this is extremely rude yet because the candidate seems to have no voice he cant fight back. Repetition is used in the Telephone conversation but not in the other poem. The word red is repeated to show the mans anger Red booth. Red pillar box. Red double-tiered. In You Will Be Hearing From UsShow MoreRelatedLizzy Curland814 Words   |  4 Pagesperson, and the landlady is ashamed that her prejudice against black people has been revealed. She was thoughtful, varying the stress. She asked again about the color tone of my skin. Disclosure came. At this point, I realize that my position is one of a lost cause, and I starts to insult her subtly by comparing myself to milk or light chocolate (which are the same color). Her approval was distant. My attitude towards her changed, since the truth about my skin color was clarified in our conversationRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poetry And Poetry1312 Words   |  6 PagesEmily Dickinson’s poems â€Å"They shut me up in Prose† and â€Å"I Dwell in Possibility† on the surface may seem similar, both having the same structure, three-four lined stanzas, and punctuation. However, they convey different messages. Typically Dickinson writes dark, meditative and defiant toned poems about death, gender and poetry itself, often challenging social beliefs and traditions. Each poem sticks to these pre-modernist views and styles, but place the emphasis on different aspects of her commonRead MoreEssay Prejudice i n To Kill A Mockingbird Telephone Conversation1177 Words   |  5 PagesThe dictionary defines prejudice as a learned, preformed, and unsubstantiated judgment or opinion about an individual or a group, either favorable or unfavorable in nature. Through the study of the book, To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, and the poem Telephone Conversation by Wole Soyinka, ones understanding of prejudice and what makes up prejudice changes considerably for what could be perceived as for the better or for the worse. Being ignorant of what is happening or not knowing and properlyRead MoreCivil Rights Movement in Langston Hughes and Claude McKays Poems977 Words   |  4 Pageswho helped motivate the civil rights movement. Hughes and McKay spoke about the hidden nightmare behind racism and everything it stood up for. Claude McKay in the poem â€Å"If We Must Die† and Langston Hughes in the poem â€Å"I Too, Sing America† both express a similar theme and meaning through their use of symbolism, tone ,and imagery. First, both â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† and â€Å"If We Must Die† use tone to express their concerns about their place in society. This use of tone is comparable, since both poetsRead MoreThe Telephone Conversation-a Summary.1705 Words   |  7 Pages* Telephone conversation  is about an African man who wishes to rent an apartment and so has phoned the landlady to inquire. Once the landlady answers the man decides he must confess, as if he has committed a crime, about his nationality as the persona in the poem is well aware of the wide spread prejudice against people of African descent and feels he must get the fact out of the way. However, unaware of the extent of the landlady s ignorance, he is shocked and annoyed by her cold, inpersonalRead MoreEssay about We Wear the Mask 1518 Words   |  7 Pageslyrical poem, We Wear the Mask. In this poem, Dunbar links imagery, rhythm, rhyme, and word choice to in order to institute a connection to the reader. From reading the poem, one can infer that Mr. Dunbar is speaking in general, of the misery that many people keep concealed under a grin that they wear very well. But if one were to go further and take the time to research Mr. Dunbar’s selection of this piece and the era of wh ich this poem was written, one would come to understand that this poem focusesRead MoreEssay Comparing the Gettysburg Address and Ginsbergs America1531 Words   |  7 PagesComparing the Gettysburg Address and Ginsbergs America      Ã‚   Many writers have considered the identity of America. Two remarkable writers of two different time periods have shouldered this. They created two important works. The first, Abraham Lincoln; a great leader in the midst of an incredible time of change and confusion, delivered the Gettysburg Address to an assembly that came to him saddened and horrified by the trials of war. These same people left, changed, that day from the cemeteryRead MoreMy Mother, If She Had Won Free Dance Lessons And The Cab Driver Who Ripped Me Off945 Words   |  4 Pagesassociated with particular demographics. These ideas can be viewed negatively or positively. Stereotypes may foster or perpetuate misconceptions about some demographics. In the poems, â€Å"My Mother, If She Had Won Free Dance Lessons† and â€Å"The Cab Driver Who Ripped Me Off,† both written by Cornelius Eady, contain characters who are susceptible to misconceptions and prejudices due to their personal experiences. In â€Å"My Mother, If She Had Won Free Dance Lessons,† the speaker discusses his mother s condition andRead MoreJourney Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pagesdestination. The novel â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain and the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost have taught me that journeys may involves barriers and hardships, they can lead to significant personal change and more importantly journeys facilitate reflection about how you see yourself, others and the world. Journeys are very important in personal change and growth. They can also help us in comparing and contrasting new and old experiences. Journeys may involve many barriersRead MoreElizabeth Barrett Browning s Love909 Words   |  4 Pagesof twelve, but two years later, she was confined to her home due to a chronic illness and spinal injury. Her secret relationship with Robert Browning sparked a new motivation for life in EEB. Her love for Robert greatly influenced her budding career as a poet. Her health and desire to live grew stronger with his love. Robert was the inspiration for many of her poems, including, Sonnets from the Portuguese. Her collection of forty-four love Sonnets were written in secret about her love for Robert

Today In The World Humans Have The Lowest Death Rate To

Today in the world humans have the lowest death rate to diseases that have been a huge problem for the human race. Smallpox was one of these diseases that caused many problems to the human race, but with vaccines scientists and doctors were able to eradicate the disease completely, and no natural case has occurred since 1949 (â€Å"What is Smallpox?†). However recently people are afraid to vaccinate themselves and their children due to the chance of severe reactions (â€Å"Vaccine Reactions†). In addition they also fear of their children acquiring autism from vaccines (â€Å"Vaccines Cause Autism?†). Although people have had severe reactions to vaccines, they greatly benefit the immune system and eradicate diseases. There are many reasons why someone†¦show more content†¦(Ahearn). However even after sufficient evidence that the research was phony many parents are still afraid to vaccinate their child on the basis vaccines will cause Autism. Parents may even not get them or their child vaccines due to severe reactions. Meanwhile it has been determined by the CDC that about 1 in a million doses will have severe effects. Thus the chance of severe reactions occurring are rare, but are still possible (â€Å"Possible Side-effects†). However, it is undeniable that they have occurred and they are capable of causing permanent damage, or even death. The NVIC, or National Vaccine Information Center, has reported several common reactions, such as 103℉ fever, difficulty breathing, loss of vision or speech, and seizures and convulsions. Whilst these are serious affects, their low chance of happening means there shouldn’t be too much worry. The benefits vaccines have to peoples immune system’s ability to fight infection are too good to not have. Although, that begs the question, how do vaccines work, and how do they prevent disease? 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How to Read Like a Professor by Thomas C. Foster Free Essays

string(67) " will be barrier in protagonist mind of his relationship with her\." How to Read Like a Professor by: Thomas C. Foster 1)Introduction: How’d He Do That? Mostly in memory it affects the reading literature in way that the reader, recognizes similarities in another work of literature, like in romantic novels elude towards Shakes Spears’ play Romeo and Juliet. Also, recognizing the pattern makes it easier on the reader because with that understanding the complex undertone of the book; like when I was reading The Scarlett Letter, I saw the allusions and symbolism in other stories, and books. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Read Like a Professor by: Thomas C. Foster or any similar topic only for you Order Now )Chapter 1: Every Trip Is a Quest (Except When It’s Not) The five expects of a quest are: 1) a questor; 2) a place to go; 3) a stated a reason to go there; 4) challenges and trails getting throw the route and lastly; 5) a real reason to go there. Little Red Riding Hood Tale 1) Little Red Riding Hood; 2) To Grandmothers House; 3) To bring grandma cookies and company; 4) the wolf tries to eat her and Grandma; 5) Little Red Riding Hood learns to trust her instincts and to never talk to strangers. )Chapter 2: Nice to Eat with You; Act of Communion In Charles Dickson’s novel, The Christmas Carol, when the Scrooge wake –up from his â€Å"dream† he went out and bought a swan for his poor assistants’ family for Christmas. By doing this it was kind of a peace offering, it showed that Scrooge turns a new leaf, and by doing so he was now accepted back into the community. 4)Chapter 4: If It’s a Square, It’s a Sonnet Petrarchan sonnet: â€Å"Missing the Metros† by Charles Terryson-Tunner This sonnet shows this form of reading by demonstrating a sequence like: abba cdcd efefe; and towards the end like the traditional Petrarch Sonnet, the main point of the sonnet which is called the volta, towards the end of the sonnet. Shakespearian sonnet: â€Å"Sonnet LXXIII† With this Shakespearian Sonnet, this had 14 lines and was divided into three parts, with rhyme scheme like this: abab cdcd efef gg. The volta is usually at the end of the sonnet; like in this one, where in the end it makes impact because it makes reader think about how the death can be very near. Indefinable Sonnets: â€Å"Ozymandias† In this sonnet it does not fit the standard Shakespearian sonnet or Pertarchan sonnet, though it has the same characteristic of a Shakespearian sonnet and volta similar to the Pertarchan sonnet. 5)Chapter 6: When In Doubt , It’s from Shakespeare†¦ In the theme of the story Fugard reflects Shakespeare’s Henery V, in this story Harold the main character has to become Master Harold set aside his childhood friendship and to become to into his family â€Å"business†, like Prince Hal had set aside his childhood friend and ways to become a King Henry, capable leading a army. )Chapter 7: Or the Bible â€Å"I imagined I bore my chalice safely throw the throng of foes† (Line 31Joyce). The chalice symbolized him protecting his morals under the influence of the â€Å"heathens† surrounding him, even though in the next sentence he reminisce about his feelings towards the girl, Megan’s sister. 7)Chapter 8: Hanseldee and Gerteldum I book I once read was like modern version of â€Å"Beauty and the Beast† but it focused on the Beast point of view, and how he became the way he was. The author did create a parallel of the story but twist in to make her own, to appeal to her teenager readers. It appeal to their child like fairy tale story and mind it deepen appreciation of a this particle fairy tale, since it appeal to young teenage girls. 8)Chapter 9: It’s Greek to Me â€Å"Only For a Season† Mother never could have known Of my past intentions of being free, The time is near for me to go How could stay with her alone? Easy to say goodbye for season be, Rarely can confide to my husband needs. Naturally I was born in summer bloom; As the fates have it, I learn to love winter’s cold. To turn against my mother’s will Under estimating my husband’s needs, Rethinking my own wants†¦ Easy it is not to love winter’s chill. 9)Chapter 10: It’s More Than Just Rain and Snow In novel I read named â€Å"Life as We Knew It†. In the novel there was a part where the families oldest Mirinda, had to go out in a blizzard to find food for her family. The description of the blizzard and how she felt in the storm was very vivid, it made me understand the struggle that the character in the novel had go throw. 10) Chapter 11:†¦More Than It’s Gonna Hurt You: Concerning Violence The first type is specific injury characters inflict upon themselves or others. The second type of violence is where the author causes harm to characters to progress the plot. In â€Å"The Outsiders† there are two gangs, the socs and the greasers; they commit the first type of violence. They punch, stab and kill each other out of revenge and anger. It takes a few deaths of dear friends for the characters realize the insanity of fighting. The end result is that they grow to be better people. In â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† the old lady neighbor Ms. Dubose dies from old age. This is an example of the second type of violence. The author has her die to develop Jem is a character and to move the plot along, in this the example second act of violence has more meaning and depth to it. 11) Chapter 12: Is That A Symbol? In the short story the â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce, Joyce uses the fence as symbolic reference of a barrier between Mangan’s sister and the protagonist. A fence main purpose is to keep things out, separated, apart; to make known that another party is not allowed in. I belive the fence symbolizes the age difference between Magan’s sister and the protagonist, how that will be barrier in protagonist mind of his relationship with her. You read "How to Read Like a Professor by: Thomas C. Foster" in category "Papers" Or perhaps, it’s a culture/religious meaning separating boys and girls so they won’t go forth with their deeper desirers. 12)Chapter 13: It’s All Political In play I read in 10th grade called the â€Å"Raisin in the Sun† the writer Lorrain Hansberry put some of political views in the play. The play was about a black family wanting to move into a white neighbor in the 1950’s, of course it same time it’s written, it was avoids to me that it was written about civil rights in that time, and how the struggle for many African Americans to have those rights at that time. 3)Chapter 14: Yes, She’s a Christ Figure, Too Many works of liture there are stories that have Christ figures, especially in stories that have good versus evil. Usually the good side has Christ characteristics, like Holes by Louis Sachar, Stanley Christ figure, surprisingly he carries many of Christ characteristics. 1. He had wounds on his hands from shovel cutting him when w as digging. 2. He is in agony when he walked through the hot dessert to find Zero 3. He sis el sacrificing whe he runs away from the camp to save Zero, knowing he could die himself. 4. Although he is kid himself; he good with kids. He got along with everybody in the camp and also taught Zero to read. 5. Even though he doesn’t create water or food, he does found water and onons for Zero to drink and eat in the mountains. 6. He uses a humble needs of transportation because his family was poor he had to walk to school and other places. 7. He spent time in the dessert which is like the wilderness , even though he wasn’t alone, and everyone thought he was died because he was gone so long. 8. He had conformation with the devil/ Warden, when he went to the warden’s house. 9. He was last seen with thieves;the Warden, Mr. Sir, and Dr. Pandenski; those who wanted part of the loot. 10. Stanely finally comes back to reddem the unworthy world. In this story the â€Å"unworthy world â€Å" is the camp of delinquent juveniles. When came back he freed the kids from the camp. Stanley wasn’t exactly Jesus but he was good guy and he potryaed Christ like characteristics. 14) If She Comes Up, It’s Baptism The importance of â€Å"baptism† scenes is very clear in a lot of literature. It symbolizes a washing away of the old, a new start. Sometimes this doesn’t result in a good way, or in favor of the character at the time. A good example of this is in the movie Pearl Harbor. The story is of two best friends, Rafe and Danny, who are pilots of fighter planes. Rafe has a girlfriend, Evelyn, who is a nurse. Unfortunately, Rafe’s plane is shot down and lands in water, where he is submerged to what appears to be his death. When Rafe is submerged in the water, he doesn’t realize his life is changing around him. When his best friend and girlfriend hear of his death they become close, and end up forming a relationship themselves. Danny and Evelyn don’t realize until later that Rafe didn’t die in the plane crash. The crash was, in a sense, Rafe’s baptism, as a new life has been laid out before him (though he doesn’t know it yet). Rafe, upon his return, is expecting his life to continue as normal, with his best friend and girlfriend. Little does he know that Danny and Evelyn have formed a relationship, and when he finds out, he feels he’s lost both of them. 15)Chapter 19: Geography Matters Foster defines geography as any setting in a story that can define or be developed by characters in the story. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Harper Lee sets up the book to describe the area, and the people who lived there. Like when she describes Alabama, which is a confederate state and is known to very traditional and close minded. And also town itself is small and rural town where everyone knows everybody else’s business. When Lee’s describes Boo’s house it top to bottom; making it seem creepy and mysteries. Then she describes the other neighbor’s houses like Maddie. Her beautiful garden and how much she cared for it. Lee was making an introduction with the characters in the story before the character was even introduced. In the To Kill Mocking Bird, Lee used the geography setting around to describe who and what her characters where. 6) Chapter 20: †¦So Does the Season Robert Forest uses the poem October, to translate to the reader the in meaning full way, describing the passing of life, and how quickly it passes by. In the poem he describes how he wishes his young years slowed down, and old age, the frost of winter, will not settle in so quickly. It’s very go od seasonal poem about ageing and the hope of â€Å"less brief† days. 17) Interlude: One Story An archetype is an idea, person, or situation which is repeated in literature. An example of an archetype would be the mad scientist type of character which appears in many stories. A mad scientist doesn’t have to be evil or crazy; he just has to be so dedicated to his work that nothing else seems to matter. One example of this would be Dexter from the show Dexter’s Laboratory. He is constantly building crazy inventions which seem to always be destroyed by his sister. He has virtually no friends because he spends all of his time in his lab. Doc from Back to the Future would be another example of a mad scientist. He designs a time machine and uses wild and impractical methods to acquire materials and build the machine. When the device works it sends his friend Marty to the past and causes a whole mess. 8)Chapter 21: Marked of Greatness Harry Potter is left with only a mere scar of a lightning bolt, from his first encounter with Lord Voldemort. Voldemort had succeeded in killing many of the people living in the magical world, including Harry’s parents, but simply cannot defeat Harry even when he is only a baby. Anyone who is familiar with the Harry Potter series knows that the reason Harry was able to survive and defeat Lord Voldemort was because of the ‘power of love’ his mother displayed towards Harry. So from this scar we understand that Harry has what Lord Voldemort will never be able to defeat, which is simply the act of being loved. As the series continues and we learn that Lord Voldemort is slowly coming back into power, we already know the one person who has the power to defeat the dark lord. The only person who can bring Lord Voldemort back down from his power is the one who stripped away his strength and power in the first place, the boy who lived: Harry Potter. 19) Chapter 25: Don’t Read With Your Eyes In the â€Å"Scarlett Letter† Pearl, Hester’s daughter, was born out of wed-lock; so the towns people and, even her own mother, believed that she is evil and a â€Å"demon offspring†. As a twenty-first century reader that belief is ridicules because it happens in most cautions by choice or with â€Å"accidental† action. As for the reader of the time; in the late 1600 it was a strong colonial belief that the action, in this case the sin, of the parents will reflect of the child, and therefore the child is evil too. The author makes the assumption that the readers have a religious mindset and have same believe system. In this day in age, we do not have the same mentality. In some cases it could be bearer like Forster said, for the reader might shut out everything the book author had. 20) Chapter 26: Is He Serious? And Other Ironies In 1984 by George Orwell, this book is filled with irony from start to finish. Throughout the whole book every Party character is governed by the rule of double think. As Orwell writes â€Å"doublethink is basically the power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them†. This is a good example of irony because it is humanly impossible to grasp the meaning of this. Winston is surrounded by many ironic things such as when he goes to rent an apartment with Julia he believes that he is safe from harm’s way because he is in Prole territory. However he later finds out that the man renting them the room was a member of the thought police and the monitor was located behind the picture. When Winston was captured and thrown in jail he was physically torn apart by little food and hazardous condition this was used to help kill the rebellion inside him. However, the real test comes when he meets his fate in room 101. Here he is faced with his biggest fear: rats. They set up a face mask as to where the rats can attack his face, but before they release them Winston begins to speak of Big Brother and he once again becomes a loyal member of the party. The irony here is so strong due to the fact that he wanted to over throw the party just a few weeks before hand. Winston was worn down and broken. He become like every other member of the party, the very party he had hoped to destroy forever. 21) Chapter 27: A Test Cast Answering the Prompt: 1. In the short story â€Å"The Garden Party†, Mansfield is signifies to the reader how far the rich is to the poor. The rich class is so high and busy with their things, they don’t pay attention to the lower class. They are so detach with lower class, that they have no real sympathy, just pity. 2. She signifies this in her story by describing where both distinct families lived. The Sheridan’s lived higher up and their poorer neighbors live down below. The Sheridan’s didn’t even allowed their children to play with â€Å"the revolting children and their infected diseased. † So when Mrs. Sheridan send Laura, the youngest daughter, to give poor family left-over from the party, she went down to darken cottages, and saw the misery and heartbreak. It opens her up to question what life really is. â€Å"Isn’t life†¦? † She asked her dear brother, but even he couldn’t really answer the question. Though my erspective was completely different from the other examples, like Foster’s example of Persephone; it surprised me how much Greek mythology is in so many literature works, and how much I recognized and understood where he cited all is information. Though, Diane’s prespective blew me away. I honestly think I would never see that much detail in the story as she did. To be honest I had some prejudice feelings toward this story after finding out the Sheridan’s where rich, so it did limit my true understanding of the story. Now I see it was more of Laura’s story then a political story between the rich and the poor. How to cite How to Read Like a Professor by: Thomas C. Foster, Papers

Turtles Favorite Fish Essay Example For Students

Turtles Favorite Fish Essay The project I am working on is called Which Type of Fish do Turtles Prefer toEat? I chose this topic because I wanted to see if the size and color of thefish really matter when it comes to the turtles eating. I also chose thistopic because of the fact that I always have greet colored fish left in the tankafter I feed my turtles. I am especially interested if the size of the fishmatters when the turtles are eating. I say this because when they are eating itlooks like they go after a particular type of fish it usually is the bigger fishin the tank. But the main thing I really want to figure out is if it reallymatters to the turtle. I want to know this because maybe turtles are like otheranimals in that they might chose the food they eat or maybe they dont carewhat they eat. Materials The materials I used to conduct my project were verysimple. I used two turtles which were my own and I uses a thirty gallon tank tohouse the turtles used goldfish as the food for my experiment. The goldfis h Iused varied in size and color. Some of the fish were big and some were of mediumor small size. The color of the fish also varied. Some of the fish were orange,white, red, or Gerry used a video camera to record the turtles section of fish. I recorded the activity of the turtles when I was not there to watch them. Someof the other things I used were a feeder to help me monitor what type of fish Iwas feeding the turtles. Procedure The procedure I used was simple. Every day Iwould put in different types of fish. One day I would put in big fish with aorange color and the next day I would put in fish that were smaller and thathave a different color. I did this for three months. After each feeding period Iwould record my results. Hypothesis I think that the turtles will eat the fishaccording to their size. I feel that the big turtle will eat big fish and thesmaller turtle will eat the smaller fish. And for the color of the fish I thinkthat the turtles will choose the brighter colored fish because they are easierto see and that the turtle may have an easier time distinguishing it as foodinstead of a rock or log or something floating in the water. Results The resultsI had were that the smaller turtle still ate the bigger fish and that theturtles seemed to always eat the brighter colored fish first. Really I thinkthat the turtles really didnt care what size e the fish was but what thereally cared about was the color of the fish. I say this because each time I fedthem there always seemed to be a lot of gray colored fish left over. The resultsof my experiment somewhat correlated to my hypothesis in that the color of thefish has an affect on what the turtle will eat. Conclusion The conclusion of myexperiment is that the turtles dont really care about the size of the fish,but the turtles really care about the color of the fish. I know this becauseduring my experiment the turtles seemed to favor the orange fish and the alwaysleft the gray fish there. Even when there were only gray fish in the tank theturtles still did not choose to eat them. So in conclusion of my experiment theturtles dont really care for size but the turtles really care about the colorof the fish. General Information Scientific classificatio n Trachemys ScriptaElegans. Common name Red-Eared Slider or Florida turtle. Geographic distributionThis native of the south of the United States is found in many places of theworld. It has been introduced by people who bought them as pets to later releasethem in the wild when they decide they dont want to keep them anymore. Thisrepresents a big problem. In southern Europe, for example, the red-eared slidercompetes for survival against the costume of Europe who is now in danger ofextinction. Size It can grow up to 30 cms (11.8 inches). Longevity In the wildit can live about 20 years, but in captivity some specimens have been reportedto live up to 40 years. Physical description It is dark green with yellow linesand distinctive red patches at both sides of the head. Sliders can bedistinguished most easily by their rounded lower jaw (which is more squared offin Pseudemys species). The toes on her rear legs are connected by a membrane(like ducks), since they are aquatic animals. Gender i dentification Males havelonger claws in their front legs. The cloaca in females is located closer to thecarapace than in males. Red-eared Sliders (Chrysemys scripta) are foundthroughout the United States east of the Rockies. The subspecies C. s. elegansis the one most often sold in pet stores here and abroad. These fresh waterturtles spend much of their time in the warm waters of their native habitat. .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .postImageUrl , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:hover , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:visited , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:active { border:0!important; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:active , .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4 .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uad6a6a216cb17df0b15d82604fb6cdd4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sharecropping EssayWhile they are strong underwater swimmers, these sliders spend much of thewarmer hours of the day hauled out on logs or rocks (or, when very small, onmarsh weeds and other aquatic plants) basking in the sun. All of the sliders areomnivores, eating both animal protein and vegetable/plant matter. Youngerturtles need up to 40% of their food from protein sources; adult turtles feedmore heavily on vegetation. In the wild they begin by eating tiny fish andamphibian larva, water snails and a variety of plants growing in the water andon land. It is illegal in the U.S. for pet stores to sell turtles less than fourinches in length (this is problematic for those sp ecies whose full adult size is4 or less!). The ones sold legally will be at least four inches long fromthe neck end of the carapace (top shell) to the tail end of the carapace. Ifmale, it will be somewhere between 2-4 years old and already sexually mature. Wild females reach maturity later, between 5-7 years, and will then be over 5inches in length; in captivity, females may reach maturity at about 3 1/2 years. You will be able to tell male from females: males are smaller than females inoverall body size but have longer tails. As with all wild-caught reptiles, theanimals found in pet stores have been under stress for some time. As a result,they are most likely suffering from protozoan and bacterial infections,including Salmonella which is easily transmitted to young children. Additionally, they are usually emaciated and dehydrated due to long periods oftime without food or water or being held in areas too cold to stimulate theappetite; many of these turtles will not eat when they are stressed orfrightened, and cannot eat when they are too cold. As soon as you can after youtake your turtle home, scoop up a fresh fecal sample and take it and your turtleto a reptile veterinarian. While the feces is being tested, the vet will checkout your turtle for signs of nutritional deficiencies, topical bacterial orfungal infections, beak overgrowth, respiratory and eye infections all verycommon in wild-caught animals (and in captive turtles who have not been providedwith the proper environment or diet). Make sure your turtle is given all themedication prescribed by the vet. If you have trouble administering it yourself,take your turtle back to the vet to have it done. If maintained at the propertemperatures, fed a healthy varied diet and kept in a stress-free activeen vironment, your turtle may outlive you: some individuals have lived more than100 years.

Provide Mentoring Support to Colleagues for Session- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProvide Mentoring Support to Colleagues for Session. Answer: Introduction The learner in this assignment deals with building relationship with the mentee as being a mentor. The role of a mentor is to guide and provide all kind of support needed to complete a particular job by the mentee. Therefore, to establish a good mentor-mentee relationship, they should play their role well. The learner here is playing the role of mentor to guide the mentee in the adopting nursing skills like risk management and handling emergency cases. In this session, after first contact, the learner introduced the subject to the mentee. The TQGC information provided the evidence that, the mentee is the people with the letter Q, charming, good in building relationship, and successful (Florczak et al. 2014). The roles and responsibilities of the mentor and mentee involve most importantly, good understanding within them. The adoption of good communication and interaction skills adoption is important in this context. The mentor should effectively recognize the weakness of mentee and pr oper evaluation method should be applied to the mentee for improving the performance. The mentee should agree with the decision of the mentor, by understanding the requirements, in spite of making arguments. Both mentor and mentee should be involved in the program deeply to achieve the goals (Garcia, 2015). Evidence of meeting/session The meeting sessions were decided with the consent of both the mentor and mentee in context of building a good mentor-mentee relation. The evidence showed that there were three sessions within the mentor and mentee for analyzing learning and program. The first session was conducted via email, on 20th august 2015 for initial need analysis and introducing the mentee, the second session was conducted for setting the goals of the task, on 27th august 2015 and the third session was a face-to-face meeting for analyzing various risk management strategies in health care profession. Setting the goals Date Time Content sequence Smart Goals Teaching Learning Strategies Resources / Equipment Session Assessment / Mentor evaluation Session 1: 20/08/15 Phone e-mail S= Specific- The session is specific because it specify the needs of the session with primary goals of the task Build relationship, M= Measurable- It is measurable via the collection of the consent of the mentee and analysis of the initial needs A= Attainable- It is attainable with the consent of both the mentor and mentee = Relevant- It is relevant as it will help to build a good mentor-mentee relation T= Time specific- It is time specific, took 30 minutes. Link to next session: Relationship building Consent collection Needs Analysis Session Plan paper Complete Consent form Needs Analysis tools Computer Phone Internet access Introductions with mentee, complete consent discussion and initial needs analysis. Helped for further session planning Session 2: 27/8/15 Meeting through skype S= Specific- It is specific because the session was based on setting the goal of the task. M= Measurable- It is measurable by analyzing its effectiveness with the initial needs A= Attainable- It is attainable with proper understanding within mentor and mentee R= It is relevant because setting the goals makes the task easy and effective T= Time specific- It is time specific because the meeting session took 1 hour time Link to next session: Goal setting for the task Working as a team Laptop Internet access Pen Paper Goals of the work are set which helped in further progress in the work Session 3: 10.9.2015 Face-to-face meeting S= Specific-it is specific because after analyzing the needs and setting the goal this session will provide further progress regarding the risk assessment in nursing in the task M= Measurable- It is measurable because the session is related to the success of the mentor-mentee relation A= Attainable- it is attainable with effort R= it is relevant as it is related to the establishment of relationship T= Time=-specific- It is time specific because it will take 3 hours time Risk management skills Risk evaluation in emergency in healthcare Paper Pen Laptop Internet access The session was for understanding the risk assessment in nursing. Helped to grow relationship with the mentee by effective involvement Discussion of the mentor-mentee relationship The mentor-mentee relationship was established within the mentor and mentee. The mentor guided the mentee in every aspect with the assessment of the performance at each level with the provision of good care (Leshem, 2012). The nursing related learning is very important to be effective, as it is related to human benefits, and analyzing the risks in health care performance is a crucial area to be learned properly. Therefore, a good mentor-mentee relationship will increase the understanding within both, thereby increasing the efficiency of guidance and performance of the mentee. The learner being a mentor provided the moral support to the mentee via good interaction. The mentor used the traditional mentoring style as it is a relationship within two individuals. Evaluation of the relationship The evaluation of the relationship is important for enhancing the effectiveness of the relation. For this purpose, assessments have done while working together. The relation was good as the mentor used the assertive and manipulative style for communicating and the mentee was a Q letter people as per the criteria of TQGC, therefore, good in relationship building, he is gentle enough to make it sure no argument with the mentor will hamper the transparency of the relationship (Fowler et al. 2009). The mentor provided excellent guide and motivation to the mentee to achieve success. Self reflection The mentor used the traditional mentoring style, and it is effective in this case. It is effective for providing knowledge to an individual by an expert and the relationship seems to be long-term in comparison to the others. This style supported the educational and carrier growth of the mentee. Benefits of providing feedback to mentee Providing constructive feedbacks after analyzing the performance of the mentee would help the mentee to provide performance that is more effective (Milner and Bossers, 2014). The weak points highlighted in the feedback provided by the mentee will help in understanding the areas, where the mentee should give more effort to make better performance, with a constructive mind. The positive feedback provided by the mentor will motivate mentee to give effort in more research work for the particular topic. The feedback will help the mentee to analyze the risks and limitations of the work and will give moral support (Prytys, 2014). Communication styles in the mentor-mentee relationship There are five types of communication styles used by people. These include the assertive style, aggressive style, passive-aggressive style, manipulative type and submissive style (Marshall et al 2013). Within these five tasks the learner as a mentor used two types of communication styles while playing the role of mentor, one is assertive and another one is manipulative. The assertive communication style includes the positive behavior towards the mentee. This is the most effective communication style, adopting this communication style, one can be self-esteem. His communication style helped the learner to guide the mentee without making him to feel down, not to push anyone (Vijayavalsalan, 2012). It helped in building a good relationship within the mentor and mentee, with good understanding. Sometimes, the learner being a mentor used the manipulative communication style, while making him understand about some important topic related to the task. This learning style is useful for influe ncing someone (Rogers, 2012). With the help of this communication style, the learner influenced and promoted the development of mentees knowledge regarding the nursing lesions, which helped him to perform better. Therefore, this style is useful in some perspectives (Straus et al. 2012). Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that, the learner has successfully established a mentor-mentee relationship with the mentee and evaluated the progress of the mentee. The learner here also summarizes the sessions held within them. The learner also evaluated the effective mentoring style as well as the communication style. The learner evaluated the effectiveness of these styles in this assignment. References Florczak, K., Collins, E. and Schmidt, L. (2014). The Mentor-Mentee Relationship: An Intricate Dance. Nursing Science Quarterly, 27(2), pp.103-107. Fowler, J., Gudmundsson, A. and Gorman, J. (2009). The relationship between mentee mentor gender combination and the provision of distinct mentoring functions. Women in Management Review, 22(8), pp.666-681. Garcia, J. (2015). The Importance of the Mentor-Mentee Relationship in Women's Desistance From Destructive Behaviors. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. Leshem, S. (2012). The Many Faces of Mentor-Mentee Relationships in a Pre-Service Teacher Education Programme. Creative Education, 03(04), pp.413-421. Marshall, J., Lawrence, E. and Peugh, J. (2013). College Women Mentoring Adolescent Girls: The Relationship between Mentor Peer Support and Mentee Outcomes. Mentoring Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 21(4), pp.444-462. Milner, T. and Bossers, A. (2014). Evaluation of the mentormentee relationship in an occupational therapy mentorship programme. Occup. Ther. Int., 11(2), pp.96-111. Prytys, K., M. (2014). Youth mentoring. Rogers, R. (2012). Leadership communication styles: a descriptive analysis of health care professionals. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, p.47. Straus, S., Chatur, F. and Taylor, M. (2009). Issues in the Mentor Mentee Relationship in Academic Medicine: A Qualitative Study. Academic Medicine, 84(1), pp.135-139. Vijayavalsalan, B. (2012). Verbal Non-Verbal Intercultural Communication Styles Influence on Learning. GRA, 3(5), pp.52-55.